Phototype is based on a scale from I to VI, taking into account your skin, eye and hair color. The color of each person's skin depends on the amount of melanin, a pigment that is naturally produced by skin cells. The more melanin, the darker your skin. Skin pigmentation can vary depending on different internal and external factors. For example, exposure to UV rays triggers tanning, a biological protective reaction whereby the skin produces more melanin. With age, excessive UV exposure, certain medications, diseases or hormonal imbalances (during pregnancy or menopause), localized pigmentation spots can appear. This is known as hyperpigmentation. Scars, particularly from acne, and areas of friction may also lead to brown spots. Targeted hyperpigmentation and brightening products can help reduce their appearance.